Background: Despite standard therapies and immunotherapies, the mortality rate of patients with oral cancer remains high. Therefore, there is a need for more effective and targeted treatments. Multi-epitope vaccines have been developed for various cancers owing to their easy protection and delivery. However, no multi-epitope vaccine has been designed to prevent oral cancer. Methods: In this study, a reverse vaccinology approach, along with various machine-learning integrated immunoinformatics tools, was used to design a multi-epitope peptide vaccine. Results: Using an integrated computational method, LYN Proto-Oncogene and AKT1 were identified as good candidates. Both LYN and AKT1 are protein kinases and plays a central role in regulating various outputs, such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and migration in cancer. These proteins were selected because of their favorable physicochemical properties, non-allergic, non-toxic, and antigenic nature. Suitable B and T cell epitopes were identified based on their physicochemical characteristics, toxicity, allergenicity, antigenicity, and immunogenicity. A vaccine was constructed using these immune epitopes and TLR4 agonist as an adjuvant. Molecular dynamics simulation suggests strong binding affinity for Toll-like receptor 4. Furthermore, immune simulation studies suggest the activation of immune cells and a strong IgG/IgM response for approximately one year. Conclusion: We propose that the vaccine developed has high immunogenic potential and able to induce both cell mediated and humoral immunity against oral cancer.
Shaikh, S. , Kunchala, D. , Patel, M. , Velecha, D. , Prajapati, S. and Gupta, R. (2024). Reverse Vaccinology and Immunoinformatics Strategy to Screen Oncogenic Proteins and Development of a Multiepitope Peptide Vaccine Targeting Protein Kinases against Oral Cancer: An in-silico Study. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 25(11), 4067-4080. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.11.4067
MLA
Shaikh, S. , , Kunchala, D. , , Patel, M. , , Velecha, D. , , Prajapati, S. , and Gupta, R. . "Reverse Vaccinology and Immunoinformatics Strategy to Screen Oncogenic Proteins and Development of a Multiepitope Peptide Vaccine Targeting Protein Kinases against Oral Cancer: An in-silico Study", Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 25, 11, 2024, 4067-4080. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.11.4067
HARVARD
Shaikh, S., Kunchala, D., Patel, M., Velecha, D., Prajapati, S., Gupta, R. (2024). 'Reverse Vaccinology and Immunoinformatics Strategy to Screen Oncogenic Proteins and Development of a Multiepitope Peptide Vaccine Targeting Protein Kinases against Oral Cancer: An in-silico Study', Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 25(11), pp. 4067-4080. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.11.4067
CHICAGO
S. Shaikh , D. Kunchala , M. Patel , D. Velecha , S. Prajapati and R. Gupta, "Reverse Vaccinology and Immunoinformatics Strategy to Screen Oncogenic Proteins and Development of a Multiepitope Peptide Vaccine Targeting Protein Kinases against Oral Cancer: An in-silico Study," Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 25 11 (2024): 4067-4080, doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.11.4067
VANCOUVER
Shaikh, S., Kunchala, D., Patel, M., Velecha, D., Prajapati, S., Gupta, R. Reverse Vaccinology and Immunoinformatics Strategy to Screen Oncogenic Proteins and Development of a Multiepitope Peptide Vaccine Targeting Protein Kinases against Oral Cancer: An in-silico Study. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2024; 25(11): 4067-4080. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.11.4067
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